As 2025 comes to a close, we’re taking a moment to look back at some of the stories that dominated conversations across Africa. This week’s edition turns the spotlight on one of the ecosystem’s hardest topics: Startup Shutdowns.
It has been a year marked by tough decisions, dramatic pivots, and founders wrestling with realities that no pitch deck can soften. Across the continent, companies faced rising costs, unforgiving markets, and the pressure to build not just fast, but sustainably.
What follows is a look at the companies that closed their doors or entered administration and the deeper signals behind each fall.
Joovlin: A Quiet End for a Promising Early-Stage Contender
This year’s shutdown narrative began with Joovlin’s shutdown in January. The Nigerian startup closed after nearly four years of building tools for micro-suppliers to manage orders and online sales.
It attracted over 2,000 resellers, secured USD 100 K in funding, and earned praise for solving a real operational pain point.
But early-stage traction couldn’t make up for an empty runway. Joovlin struggled to raise follow-on investment, and without fresh capital or a path to meaningful revenue, the founders made the tough call to shut down. The shutdown wasn’t dramatic; it was simply the result of timing, investor appetite, and the relentless math of burn versus growth.
The end was quiet, almost understated, yet it marked the beginning of a year where much louder collapses would follow. And barely weeks later, the ecosystem received the next, far more jarring signal.
Bento Africa: The HR Startup That Wanted to Be the Deel for Africa, Until the Floor Fell Out
Bento Africa had long pitched itself as the Deel for Africa—an automated payroll and HR platform that could scale across markets and simplify compliance. With a big vision, Bento quickly expanded into Ghana, Kenya, and Rwanda while onboarding hundreds of businesses.
It was the kind of company investors expected to scale quickly and dominate a critical infrastructure category.
But by early 2025, the company was sinking under allegations of unremitted taxes and pension contributions. The undoing began when the company’s engineers stopped work in protest of unpaid salaries, and the company fired the entire tech team, paralyzing its payroll engine.
Clients soon reported that their employees’ salaries had been missed. Tax and pension remittances also went missing, with one business publicly claiming NGN 50 M in unremitted deductions, prompting investigations by the EFCC and LIRS.
Bento’s CEO resigned as the panic deepened, and the board announced a temporary shutdown while advising customers to stop funding their payroll accounts.
Unlike Joovlin’s shutdown, which was because of limited funding, Bento collapsed in a spiral of mistrust and forensic scrutiny. And as the dust settled, founders across the continent were reminded of something uncomfortable: in fintech, ambition means nothing if the fundamentals aren’t airtight. You cannot automate payroll for others when your own house is unstable.
Edukoya: Edtech Ambition Meets Market Friction
Later in the same month, the spotlight shifted to education technology. Edukoya had entered Africa’s edtech scene with rare fanfare, landing the continent’s largest pre-seed round, USD 3.5 M, in 2021. Its model of K–12 tutoring with live classes, on-demand classes, and AI-supported learning felt like the perfect answer to Africa’s youth boom and widening learning gaps.
The platform onboarded 80,000 students, delivered over 15 million answered questions, and hosted thousands of live tutoring sessions. Its metrics were strong, its mission timely, and its product ambitious.
But the harsh reality was simple: the market wasn’t ready. Poor internet access prevented consistent usage. High device costs kept millions locked out. Disposable incomes kept falling as inflation rose. Even with a freemium model, converting users to paying customers became impossible at scale.
Unable to find a sustainable model, and after exploring M&A and potential pivots, the team decided it was better to close the platform and return capital than burn cash chasing scale that wasn’t coming. Edukoya’s shutdown marked a sobering turn in a sector that is long overdue for growth but continues to collide with Africa’s infrastructure gaps.
Lipa Later: Administration Takes Over
Kenya’s Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) startup Lipa Later didn’t shut down, but its entry into administration in March 2025 signaled deep trouble for consumer credit startups in East Africa.
The company had raised USD 16.6 M across multiple rounds and expanded into Uganda and Rwanda. It even went on the offense during tough times, acquiring the e-commerce platform Sky Garden for USD 1.6 M in late 2022, a bold move that signaled confidence in its future.
But by early 2025, 3 years later, that confidence was fading. Lipa Later struggled to raise new funding, payroll obligations began slipping, and concerns around debt levels intensified. The appointment of an administrator placed the company’s future in limbo, with restructuring, acquisition, or liquidation all on the table. The financially troubled hire-purchase firm has since entered several bids for acquisition.
While the company didn’t shut down entirely, entering administration was a stark reminder that BNPL models depend on continuous capital flow. Without it, even a well-known brand can grind to a halt.
Okra: The Fintech Powerhouse That Could Not Outrun Its Own Momentum
In May 2025, the once-celebrated fintech—one of Africa’s brightest hopes for open banking—closed down its operations.
Okra had all the hallmarks of a breakout success: top-tier founders, USD 16.5 M raised, partnerships with major banks, and blistering early growth that turned it into an industry favorite almost overnight.
But after co-founder David Peterside’s departure, the company struggled to maintain execution speed. The engineering team struggled under the weight of growing contracts, and the platform’s heavy reliance on screen scraping became a bottleneck.
The pivot to Nebula, a naira-priced cloud offering launched in October 2024, felt bold, but bold wasn’t enough. It arrived in a market dominated by AWS and Google Cloud. Meanwhile, the naira losing ground daily was a mismatch that Okra could not win. By mid-2025, the company accepted the inevitable.
By mid-2025, Okra shut down, returning an estimated USD 4–5.5 M to investors and offering staff up to six months of severance. Its closure was a moment of reckoning: if a company with this level of capital, talent, and early traction could collapse, it signaled that the era of easy fintech wins was over.
And as Okra bowed out, it left the industry asking a sharper question: If a frontrunner can fall this fast, what does that mean for everyone else building in the same economic storm?
Afristay: Covid Fatigue Claim a Local Travel Favorite
Afristay’s shutdown in early mid-2025 closed the chapter on one of South Africa’s most recognizable travel-tech platforms. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, the platform was thriving, attracting 700,000 monthly visitors and aiming for ZAR 140 M in bookings, positioning it as South Africa’s homegrown answer to Airbnb. It had a local-first product, dedicated booking agents, and strong brand loyalty.
But the pandemic crushed demand almost overnight. Traffic dropped 96%, bookings evaporated, and the business never recovered its footing. By 2023, Afristay was operating with two part-time staff and fewer than 30 monthly bookings. When the company finally shut down in 2025, it felt like the last chapter of a pandemic-induced decline that had dragged on for four years.
More importantly, Afristay’s fall highlighted something bigger: South Africans now have far less spending power than they did a decade ago. Travel is a luxury many can no longer afford, and even the strongest platforms cannot thrive in a shrinking consumer economy.
And with that, the first chapter of shutdowns in 2025 came to a close, each one different, but all pointing to an ecosystem reshaping itself under pressure.
A Year of Tough Calls and Tougher Lessons
Taken together, these shutdowns reveal a continental theme. Money alone isn’t saving companies anymore. Market timing, governance, cost discipline, and technical depth matter more than ever. Investors are asking harder questions. Founders are making tougher decisions. And the glamour around African tech is giving way to a more grounded, more demanding era.
This is only the first part of our 2025 African Startup Review. More stories are coming, and with them, the insights shaping the next chapter of innovation across the continent.

